What does a nor'easter actually do to a Worcester house?
It combines three loads: hours of rain, gale-force gusts that drive that rain horizontally, and wet snow that stays on the roof. Nor'easter season here runs September to April, and the heaviest snow falls north and west of the storm track, so the same storm treats two nearby towns differently.
The duration is what separates it from a thunderstorm. A summer cell is finished in forty minutes; a nor'easter can push water at the same wall for most of a day, which is long enough for a small gap to pass a great deal of water.
Wet snow adds weight and then a water source. It clings instead of blowing clear, melts from underneath where the roof is warm, and refreezes at the eave. mass.gov's guidance is clear that the cure is insulation, air sealing and ventilation rather than anything applied to the roof surface afterwards.
Why does wind-driven rain get in when ordinary rain does not?
Because wind changes the direction and the pressure. Rain falling straight down lands on surfaces built to shed it. Rain driven sideways at a wall, with higher air pressure outside than inside, is pushed into joints that normally drain, and it can travel upward under a lap or a flashing.
Old wooden houses in this city have hundreds of such joints: clapboard laps, window casings, corner boards, the junction of a three-decker's porch stack with the main wall. Each is weather-tight against gravity and merely good against pressure.
The repair is almost always at a joint rather than across a surface, which is why finding the entry matters more than the size of the stain. Dry the structure first, then fix the joint while you know where it is, because the next dry month will hide it again.
What should I do while the storm is still going?
Protect people and documents, not the building. Move what you can out of the water's path, put containers under active drips, pull furniture off wet carpet, and photograph everything as it is. Stay off roofs and ladders in gusts, and keep clear of standing water near electrical equipment.
Water in a light fixture or a ceiling fan box is a reason to switch off that circuit if you can do it from a dry spot. A bulging, sagging ceiling is a reason to stay out of the room entirely until someone has looked at it.
Call while the storm is on rather than after, even if a crew cannot be with you immediately. Phones are answered 24/7, the sequence of work is explained on the phone, and the sooner your call is in the sooner a crew reaches you once one is free.
What changes the cost of storm water cleanup here?
How many rooms and floors the water reached, how long it sat, how much insulation and board must come out, how much of the drying is inside closed cavities, and whether the water was clean rain or came up a drain. The price is explained and approved before work begins.
Storm jobs spread more than plumbing jobs. One wall leak can wet two bedrooms, the hall ceiling and the stair soffit, and each of those is its own drying zone. A three-decker with the same leak can put the same water through three units, which multiplies both the access problem and the number of people whose schedules have to work.
Age of the building shows up in the drying time rather than the removal. Plaster over lath, plank sheathing and heavy framing all hold water longer than modern board and studs, so equipment stays longer for the same amount of water. If old plaster, pipe insulation or flooring will be disturbed, ask about asbestos rules first.
Is a storm claim handled differently from a burst pipe?
Generally yes, because the question is what the water did and where it came from. Massachusetts Division of Insurance material describes standard policies as generally covering sudden damage, while flood is generally excluded and sewer backup and sump pump failure are generally excluded unless endorsed. Your policy and insurer decide.
That makes the cause worth documenting carefully. Rain entering through a roof the wind opened is a different matter from surface water arriving at a cellar window, even in the same storm and the same house, and a photograph taken while the water is still visible is worth more than a description later.
Keep the list of what was removed, the drying log and any temporary protection receipts together. If a claim is denied, ask for the reason in writing; the Division of Insurance investigates complaints about how claims are handled but cannot decide facts such as the cause of loss. The insurance claims guide sets out the order.